Group Consultation
Group Consultation.
Problem solving assumptions that collaborative consultation
is based on
- People prefer to solve their own problems.
- Usually the best strategy will come from the person most
familiar with the problem.
- People are more likely to carry out a strategy if they
actively collaborate in its development.
As a consultant, you are more interested in the process than
the content. The content will often come from the consultee.
In groups, it is important to maintain structure. They need
to be based on an equal relationship and supported by open communication.
The outcomes need to be different than what was occurring when you began. The
strategies need to be ones which could not have been created by the teacher
individually, but needed the assistance of more than one mind. You need group
think.
Team participation needs to be voluntary and confidential.
Blocks to Listening.
In groups, each person often has his/her own agenda and
personality. You need to be in tune with what is going on with each person in
the group.
- Comparing: You as a facilitator, if you are comparing in
your mind what someone else is saying and comparing it to your own
situation.
- Mind Reading: As a facilitator, you may be trying to
participate to what the other person is going to say next.
- Rehearsing: You are practicing what you are going to say
next in your own mind when you should be listening.
- Filtering: Only hearing what you want to hear.
- Judging: Not having an open mind – having that opinion you
think is perfect and putting it on others. As school psychs we MUST be
unbiased!
- Dreaming: Zoning out – I’m doing it now. J
- Identifying: Identifying yourself with what they are
saying – you jump in and say “I know exactly what you are talking about”
before they even finish.
- Advising: “Well, If I were you, I would do this.” –
setting yourself up as an expert.
- Sparring: Arguing.
- Being Right: Insisting on your own opinion as the one that
is chosen. This is something that may happen, but you have to earn it
over time.
- Derailing: The subject is changed. Done to avoid a topic –
bad, bad school psych.
- Placating: Instead of hitting the problem, you just assure
the client that everything will be fine without listening or focusing on
their concern.
Questioning:
- Informational: you ask for the facts.
- Clarifying questions: Closed questions to get to the
specifics of what they said.
- Open ended questions: you get more info from these than
any others. Hopefully, will prevent the need for too many additional
questions.
When listening: lean in to the conversation, eye
contact, nodding.
Paraphrasing: Make sure you understand what they are
saying.
Summarizing: Establishes markers so you can move on.
Roles:
- Task Roles:
- One is the coordinator.
- Evaluator or monitor.
- Elaborator – the person who contributes to the content
The school psych could have all three of these roles.
- Relationship building and maintenance roles
- Harmonizer – keeps the peace
- Gatekeeper – makes the rules
- Follower – just goes along
- Self-centered roles: These roles do not help with the team
process
- Blocker (the person who finds a “yes, but…”
- Recognition seeker. Wants to talk all the time, often
about them.
- Dominator. Tries to control everything and everyone.
- Signs of resistance:
- Look for people who want more detail, or offer too much
detail.
- People who complain about not having enough time.
- People who make a verbal attack
- People who appear to be confused
- Silence
- Total compliance.
- No more problem.
- No follow through
- Lack of support
- Low trust level.
- An organizational philosophy which does not agree with
the collaborative solving process
- Low morale
- Any other communication patterns or norms which don’t
seem to support what you are trying to do.
- Strategies for dealing with resistance
- Foster a collaborative relationship in and outside of the
team meetings.
- View resistance as normal/natural It is hard to make a
change.
- Recognize reward and punishment factors with the people
you are working with. If it makes them feel bad, they won’t do it.
- Encourage expressions of concerns – and when offered,
don’t take them personally. Maintain that non-biased perspective
- Try not to argue or get defensive.
- Monitor feelings.
- Observe non verbal messages from others.
- Focus on the important concern – sometimes there are
multiple concerns, which can be let go.
- Reanalyze strategies that have been rejected.
- Make plans specific, so that people know exactly
what the expectation is.
- Confront resistance tactfully.
- Be honest about feelings.
- Gain sanction for plans. Recognize that change takes
time.
- Let others know the benefits of collaboration.
- Strategies for handling conflict:
- Promote discussion of the conflict. Avoiding discussion
will cause it to fester.
- Use the problem solving model. Using an agreed upon
structure will help eliminate some opportunities of dissention.
- If you have a dispute, break it into its simple elements
- Recognize the interest of the consumers. Try to
understand why they are thinking about it this way.
- First work on obtainable goals unrelated to the conflict.
- If you can’t resolve the conflict in the meeting, you
might bring in an objective consultant, or you may want to reconvene at
another time, when people have calmed down.
Filed under: EDC 510-511 Consultation in Schools and Practicum
Copyright: October, 2003 - David Profitt